叉车是以门架和货叉为作业安装的自行式装卸装卸机械。可用来装卸、堆放成件产品。更替作业安装后，也能用来特种物件和散料的装卸装卸作业。
　　叉车由能源安装、轮式底盘和作业安装三个重要全体组成，作业安装囊括门架、链条、叉架、货叉和液压缸等。门架为舒卷构造,铰接在车轴或井架上,经过歪斜液压缸可前后歪斜，再不于装卸产品和带货倾覆。起升液压缸经过链条传动使装有货叉的叉架沿内门架起落，内门架叉以外门架为路轨高低舒卷，使叉车能以较低的门架高低，把产品举升到较高的高低。
　　依据能源安装分电瓶叉车和内燃叉车两种。依据叉车的结构特点分直叉失调重式、插腿式、前移式、侧叉式以及各族非凡用处的特种叉车等。其市直叉失调重式叉车利用最为广泛。直叉失调重式叉车。货叉装在车体前者，伸出前轮核心线外。为了失调产品分量产生的倾覆动量矩，在车体尾部装有失调重，作业时依附叉车前后挪动继续叉卸产品。插腿式叉车。两条臂状的支腿伸向后方，支腿前者装有小直径的轮子，作业时货叉偕同支腿一起拔出产品底部，而后使货叉起升。因为产品坐落轮子的支承面内，因而整车稳固性好。前移式叉车。是插腿式叉车的变型，其货叉可在叉车纵向前后挪动，装卸产品时货叉伸出,倾覆时则退回到车体中部,整车稳固性好。侧叉式叉车。门架和货叉面向叉车一侧，坐落车体中部，并可横向一起挪动，实用于装卸长件产品，叉车倾覆时，产品置于车体平台上，整车稳固性好。

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